![]() The data in this map were provided by EMODnet human activities. ![]() Click on one of the cables to learn more about its type, length, capacity, when it was installed and who maintains it. The map of the week features a schematic representation of the submarine communication cables that cross European waters. Submarine telecommunication cable networks cost billions to install 1 and need constant monitoring and repair, as they may be broken or damaged by trawl fishing, anchors, earthquakes, submarine landslides and even shark bites 2. However, this capacity comes at a significant price. These fibre-optic cables have the capacity to transmit data at a staggering 200 terabits per second 1, which vastly outpaces today’s satellite radio transmission (around 1 gigabits per second), making them the preferred means of communication. While these early cables consisted of insulated copper wires, which were simply dropped on the seabed, current generation submarine cables consist of optical fibres covered by many protective layers buried in the seafloor 2. Submarine cables have a long history starting with the first commercial submarine telegraph cable in the English Channel in 1850, closely followed by the first transatlantic cable in 1866 1. With over 99% of international internet and telephone traffic passing through submarine telecommunication cables 1, they are a vital though often forgotten part of today’s digital society. In July 2017, it was launched for commercial services and is the longest submarine cable system in over a decade.Whenever you access a website hosted on a foreign server, chances are high that the information you are receiving travelled through the depths of the ocean. Frequently Asked Questions (F.A.Q.)Īsia-Africa-Europe 1 (AAE-1) is a 25,000 km submarine communications cable system from South East Asia to Europe. The electric core is a concentric assembly of inner conductor, electric insulation and protective layers often carry optical fibers for data transmission or temperature measurement, in addition to the electrical conductors. The purpose of submarine power cables is the transport of electric current at high voltage. What is the purpose of submarine power cables? These are called “submarine” because they usually carry electric power beneath salt water (arms of the ocean, seas, straits, etc.) but it is also possible to use submarine power cables beneath fresh water (large lakes and rivers). Submarine power cableĪ submarine power cable is a transmission cable for carrying electric power below the surface of the water. If a submarine cable fault it is possible that internet services could cause disruption, but Internet is a decentralized network and when a node fails the information flow can re-route through other intact nodes and cables. What happens if submarine cable fault? There is a cable map around the world connecting all countries. You can see it better in our submarine cable map in 3D at top of the page. – The eighth and last layer, on the outside, polyethylene coating. – The seventh layer, a polyethylene terephthalate tape – The sixth layer, some braided steel wires. – The fifth layer, a waterproof aluminum barrier. – The fourth layer, a polycarbonate tube. – The third layer, a copper or aluminum tube. – The second layer, Vaseline that protects from water. Asia & Pacific The geography of these regions necessitates heavy use of submarine cables for international connectivity. There are up to eight layers in submarine cables, which we explain from the inside to the outside (contrary to the image that illustrates it) Everything around it is just layers and layers that protect it from breaking easily, waterproofing the entire cable or padding it. Although in photographs or images we can see them with a great thickness, the truth is that their diameter is approximately three centimeters. It will depend on the connection in question, but it is a fine and delicate material. In this post, you can see an interactive submarine cable map that you can use in a globe in 3D. In this case, they are much more affordable than the satellites themselves. They are options with many advantages over others such as satellites, for example. Virtually all communications today are made through submarine cables, more than 90% of them. Submarine cables allow us to transmit data through them to improve telecommunications services.
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